Integrating Firebase Auth Into Your Astro Project With Astro Actions

Mohammed

Wed, Jul 24, 2024

6 Min Read

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#What Are Astro Actions?
- #Setting Up Astro Actions
#Integrating Firebase Authenticationc
#Setting Up Middleware for Authentication
#Conclusion

Integrating Firebase Auth Into Your Astro Project With Astro Actions

Hey there, web developers! Today, we’re diving into integrating Firebase Authentication into your Astro project using the latest feature: Astro Actions. Whether you’re building a new app or adding authentication to an existing project, this guide will walk you through the process of setting up Firebase Auth and leveraging Astro Actions to handle server-side logic.

#What Are Astro Actions?

Astro Actions, introduced in the Astro 4.8 release, are an experimental feature that allow you to handle server-side logic directly within your Astro components. This feature is perfect for managing authentication flows, interacting with APIs, and handling other server-side tasks without needing a separate backend.

With Astro Actions, you can define and call backend functions with full type-safety from your client code. This makes it easy to work with form submissions, manage user data, and more. The feature is designed to simplify the process of integrating complex backend functionalities into your Astro project.

#Setting Up Astro Actions

To upgrade an existing project, use the automated @astrojs/upgrade CLI tool. Alternatively, upgrade manually by running the upgrade command for your package manager:

# Recommended:
npx @astrojs/upgrade
 
# Manual:
npm install astro@latest
pnpm upgrade astro --latest
yarn upgrade astro --latest

To use this feature, add a server build output and enable the experimental.actions option in your Astro config:

import { defineConfig } from "astro/config"
 
export default defineConfig({
  output: "hybrid", // or 'server'
  experimental: {
    actions: true,
  },
})

#Integrating Firebase Authenticationc

Now that Astro Actions are set up, let’s integrate Firebase Authentication into your Astro project. Follow these steps to get everything configured.

Install Firebase: Add Firebase to your project using your package manager:

npm install firebase

yarn add firebase

pnpm add firebase

Initialize Firebase: Configure Firebase in your project. Create a file like /src/firebase/config.ts:

import { initializeApp, getApps, getApp } from "firebase/app"
import { getAuth } from "firebase/auth"
 
const firebaseConfig = {
  apiKey: import.meta.env.API_KEY,
  authDomain: import.meta.env.AUTH_DOMAIN,
  projectId: import.meta.env.PROJECT_ID,
  storageBucket: import.meta.env.STORAGE_BUCKET,
  messagingSenderId: import.meta.env.MESSAGING_SENDER_ID,
  appId: import.meta.env.APP_ID,
  measurementId: import.meta.env.MEASUREMENT_ID,
}
 
const app = !getApps().length ? initializeApp(firebaseConfig) : getApp()
 
export const auth = getAuth(app)

Create Authentication Actions: Create the authentication actions in src/actions/auth.ts:

You can create actions that handle JSON or form requests, with the handler function processing your type-safe input. Astro automatically parses form requests into objects based on your Zod schema, eliminating the need for manual parsing.

import { defineAction, z } from "astro:actions"
import {
  createUserWithEmailAndPassword,
  signInWithEmailAndPassword,
  updateProfile,
} from "firebase/auth"
import { auth } from "@firebase/client"
 
export const createAccount = defineAction({
  accept: "form",
  input: z.object({
    email: z.string().email(),
    fullName: z.string(),
    password: z.string(),
  }),
  handler: async ({
    email,
    password,
    fullName,
  }: {
    email: string
    fullName: string
    password: string
  }) => {
    const user = await createUserWithEmailAndPassword(auth, email, password)
    await updateProfile(user.user, {
      displayName: fullName,
    })
  },
})
 
export const loginAccount = defineAction({
  accept: "form",
  input: z.object({
    email: z.string().email(),
    password: z.string(),
  }),
  handler: async ({ email, password }) => {
    await signInWithEmailAndPassword(auth, email, password)
  },
})
 
export const logoutAccount = defineAction({
  handler: async () => {
    await auth.signOut()
  },
})

Export these actions in src/actions/index.ts:

import { createAccount, loginAccount, logoutAccount } from "./auth"
 
export const server = { createAccount, loginAccount, logoutAccount }

You can call actions from any client component using the actions object from astro:actions. You can pass a type-safe object when using JSON, or a FormData object when using accept: 'form'.

Form Handling: Here’s how you can set up the authentication forms:

---
import InputBox from "../common/InputBox.astro"
 
type Props = {
  type: "login" | "signup"
}
 
const { type } = Astro.props
---
 
<form id="authForm">
  {type === "signup" && (
    <div>
      <label for="fullName">Full Name</label>
      <InputBox type="text" id="fullName" name="fullName" required />
    </div>
  )}
  <!-- Hidden input to differentiate between signup and login forms -->
  <input type="hidden" name="formType" value={type} />
  <div>
    <label for="email">Email</label>
    <InputBox type="email" id="email" name="email" required />
  </div>
  <div>
    <label for="password">Password</label>
    <InputBox type="password" id="password" name="password" required />
  </div>
  <!-- Button text changes based on form type -->
  <button type="submit">{type === "signup" ? "Signup" : "Login"}</button>
</form>
 
<!-- script for handling form submition -->
<script src="../../scripts/auth.ts"></script>

import { actions, isInputError } from "astro:actions"
 
// Get the auth form element
const authForm = document.querySelector("#authForm") as HTMLFormElement
 
// Handle form submission
authForm?.addEventListener("submit", async (event) => {
  event.preventDefault()
  const formData = new FormData(authForm)
  const formType = formData.get("formType") as string
 
  if (formType === "signup") {
    // Handle signup
    const { error, data } = await actions.createAccount.safe(formData)
    if (error) {
      console.log(error)
      if (isInputError(error)) {
        console.log(error.fields)
      }
      return
    }
    window.location.href = "/"
  } else if (formType === "login") {
    // Handle login
    const { error, data } = await actions.loginAccount.safe(formData)
    if (error) {
      console.log(error)
      if (isInputError(error)) {
        console.log(error.fields)
      }
      return
    }
    window.location.href = "/"
  }
})

For more information on Astro actions, visit the experimental actions docs

#Setting Up Middleware for Authentication

Middleware in Astro allows you to intercept requests and responses, dynamically injecting behaviors whenever a page or endpoint is about to be rendered. This makes it perfect for handling authentication flows and sharing user-specific data across different components.

First, create a src/middleware.ts file to handle the authentication middleware:

import { defineMiddleware } from "astro:middleware";
import { auth } from "@firebase/client";
 
export const onRequest = defineMiddleware((context, next) => {
  const currentUser = auth.currentUser;
  const { pathname } = context.url;
 
  // Redirect unauthenticated users from /auth/user to /auth/login
  if (
    !currentUser &&
    pathname === "/auth/user" &&
    context.request.method === "GET"
  ) {
    return context.redirect("/auth/login");
  }
 
  // Set user info in locals if authenticated
  if (currentUser) {
    context.locals.user = {
      email: currentUser?.email,
      fullName: currentUser?.displayName,
    };
  }
 
  // Redirect authenticated users from /auth/login and /auth/signup to home (/)
  if (
    currentUser &&
    (pathname === "/auth/login" || pathname === "/auth/signup")
  ) {
    return context.redirect("/");
  }
 
  return next();
});

Inside any .astro file, access response data using Astro.locals.

---
export const prerender = false;
 
const { user } = Astro.locals as {
  user: {
    fullName: string | null;
    email: string | null;
  };
};
---
 
<div>
  <h2>{user?.fullName}</h2>
  <p>{user?.email}</p>
 
  <!-- Logout button -->
  <button id="logoutBtn">Logout</button>
</div>
 
<script>
  import { actions, isInputError } from "astro:actions"
  const logoutBtn = document.querySelector("#logoutBtn") as HTMLButtonElement;
  // logout
  logoutBtn?.addEventListener("click", async (event) => {
  const { error } = await actions.logoutAccount.safe()  
 
  if (error) {
  	// handle error
    console.log(error)
  	if (isInputError(error)) {
  	  console.log(error.fields)
  	}
    return
  }
 
  window.location.href = "/"
  })
</script>

Note: Setting export const prerender = false ensures that this page is not pre-rendered at build time. This is crucial for accessing dynamic user data fetched from the client side. If your Astro configuration uses 'server' mode, this setting may not be necessary, but it is essential in 'hybrid' mode to render the page correctly with client-side data.

For more detailed information on Astro middleware and working with Astro.locals, visit the official Astro Middleware documentation

I’ve developed an Astro project demonstrating Firebase authentication with Astro Actions. You can explore the full implementation and details in my GitHub repository https://github.com/mhdZhHan/astro-firebase-auth

#Conclusion

Integrating Firebase Authentication into your Astro project with Astro Actions streamlines the process of managing user authentication. By leveraging Astro Actions, you can handle authentication flows efficiently without needing a separate backend. The setup process is straightforward, and with the use of Firebase, you can provide a robust authentication mechanism for your application.

Typo? Edit it here